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Interceptors such as the Sting, produced by the volunteer-driven start-up Wild Hornets, and the newly introduced Bullet can rapidly accelerate before colliding with enemy drones. Pilots operate these systems with viewing displays or first-person-view goggles.

The economic advantage is proving decisive. Andrii Lavrenovych, who serves on the strategic council of the expanding start-up General Cherry, which develops the Bullet, said the drones it neutralises cost $10,000 to $300,000 each.

“We are inflicting serious economic damage,” he said.

Russia predominantly deploys the Iranian-designed Shahed suicide drone and has developed numerous variants of this triangle-winged aircraft equipped with jammers, cameras and turbojet engines in an ongoing innovation race.

“In some areas, they are one step ahead. In others, we invent an innovative solution, and they suffer from it,” Lavrenovych said.